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Monday 30 April 2012

1. Write a note on the following: a. Pareto chart


Pareto Chart
Vilfredo Pareto (1848-1923) discovered that:
· 80% of the wealth in Italy was held by 20% of the population
· 20% of customers accounted for 80% of sales
· 20% of parts accounted for 80% of cost, etc.
These observations were confirmed by Juran (1960) and resulted in what is known as the Pareto Principle.The Pareto Principle states that:

Sunday 29 April 2012

6. Describe the contribution of Genichi Taguchi towards Quality management.


Genichi Taguchi
Genichi Taguchi is a Japanese Statistician and engineer whose concepts only began to make an impact in the West during the 1980s. Genichi Taguchi is well-known for developing a methodology to improve quality and reduce costs, known as the "Taguchi Methods." In this engineering approach to quality control, Taguchi calls for off-line quality control, on-line quality control, and a system of experimental design to improve quality and reduce costs. His main contributions have been to our understanding of what product specification really means for quality and how such specifications can be translated into cost effective production.
Taguchi has made a very influential contribution to industrial statistics. Key elements of his quality philosophy include the following:
· Taguchi loss function, used to measure financial loss to society resulting from poor quality
· The philosophy of off-line quality control, designing products and processes so that they are insensitive ("robust") to parameters outside the design engineer’s control and
· Innovations in the statistical design of experiments
Features of Taguchi’s Contributions
· Taguchi was well known for developing a methodology to improve quality of manufactured goods and to reduce costs. This methodology referred to as ‘Taguchi’s method’ is used as a mechanism for evaluating and implementing improvements in the desired characteristics of products.

Friday 27 April 2012

Define the term technology. Write a short note on evolution and growth of technology.


Technology is derived from the Greek word “technologia” in which "techne" means craft and "logia" means saying. On the whole, technology means having the knowledge of making something.
Evolution and Growth of Technology
The history of technology dates back to the time when humans were able to prepare some simple tools with easily available natural resources. History indicates that the advancement in technology had a major leap with the invention of the wheel. From the invention of the wheel, much usage of the technology has started. The technology in all the fields has grown to a larger extent and now we can see the technology involved in almost all the things we use in our daily life.
We know that there are some advanced technologies at present which include the printing press, telephone and Internet which have helped us to communicate all over the globe.
Till now we have mainly concentrated on technology management in general. Now let us learn about technology management in India.

Thursday 26 April 2012

Explain inventory Management and Control. List the benefits of inventory control. Inventory Management and Control


Due to high costs involved in inventories, proper management and control is considerably vital and the action is always synonymous with material management. Due to the high costs involved in stocking of inventory, a proper management and control is vital and inventory management is in fact, synonymous with material management.
Inventory management (IM) involves the development and administration of policies, systems, and procedures for minimising the total costs. IM also helps in decision making on all related issues such as customer service requirements, production schedule and purchasing. IM stresses on decision making and the need for integrated information flow. Following are the factors which influence inventory management and control.
· Type of product.
· Type of manufacture.
· The volume of production.
Maintaining an optimum level of investment is the most important objective of inventory control. Based on the requirements, organisations use from simple to highly specialised mathematical models of inventory control.

Wednesday 25 April 2012

Elucidate a relationship between strategy and data quality.


Organisations are turning to be more dependent on data; nearly every modern organisation depends upon data and creates huge quantities of data. So, to meet the requirements of the organisation, a comprehensive data management program is necessary. But data is distinctive from other resources and requires diverse management techniques.
Organisational framework required to tackle the above concerns often does not exist. Hence, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive data quality strategy that can address many of these issues. For example, as with many organisations, formal data quality strategy was not documented for the New Zealand Ministry of Health. A planned data quality framework was later introduced which informed the overall development of a data quality strategy for the Ministry of Health. All results of the development of the strategy were documented for each collection of data. And it enabled internal members to access all the information about data collection. The documents are:
· Guidelines for the usage of data and original purpose for the collection
· Roles and responsibilities
· Results of assessment of collection using data quality framework

Tuesday 24 April 2012

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MS - 1
 
ASSIGNMENT
Course Code              :           MS - 1
Course Title               :           Management Functions and Behavior
Assignment Code      :           MS-1/TMA/SEM - I /2012
Coverage                    :           All Blocks
Note: Answer all the questions and submit this assignment on or before April 30, 2012, to the coordinator of your study center.

1.                  What are the essential components of an effective MIS and why? Describe the MIS of an organization, known to you or you are familiar with, giving detailed description and critically evaluate its effectiveness. Briefly describe the organization, you are referring to.

What are the maintenance planning principles? How they contribute to the success of planning?


Planning Principles
There are six principles of planning and these are:
1. Organising planning functions with separate responsibility and identity.
2. Making planners to concentrate on future works as one of their primary tasks.
3. Asking planners to maintain simple base files as part of their work systems.
4. Training planners to expertise their job and dictate the job requirements through their dedicated work plans.
5. Helping planners to recognise the skill of the crafts required and arrange.
6. Organising planners to work sample their tasks while execution and hence measure the planning effectiveness.
Let us look into each of these in detail:
1. Organising planning functions with separate responsibility and identity
In this principle, the planning function is organised as a separate function. Personnel who are most experienced and having expertise as craft maintenance crew are selected and assigned to the planning section. This type of selecting within the department and assigning a separate function will further facilitate specialisation not only in planning processes, but also focuses on the future works to be executed.
It is better that these identified Planners report to a different supervisor who will be responsible to providing direction and has an obligation to complete the assigned work in an expeditious manner, with a minimal interruptions.
The planners should engage in

Q1. What are the objectives that are served to an organisation by having a sound Maintenance management department? Explain with an example.




The objective of maintenance is linked to the overall organisational objectives of maximising the productivity and hence the profitability of the organisation. To achieve this, activities of retaining and improving the equipment to an acceptable working condition thus extending the useful life of the equipment is taken care of.
The following objectives will be served by a sound maintenance management:
· Reduces the loss of productive time to the minimum.

Monday 23 April 2012

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MS - 1
 
ASSIGNMENT
Course Code              :           MS - 1
Course Title               :           Management Functions and Behavior
Assignment Code      :           MS-1/TMA/SEM - I /2012
Coverage                    :           All Blocks
Note: Answer all the questions and submit this assignment on or before April 30, 2012, to the coordinator of your study center.

1.                  What are the essential components of an effective MIS and why? Describe the MIS of an organization, known to you or you are familiar with, giving detailed description and critically evaluate its effectiveness. Briefly describe the organization, you are referring to.

2.                  State and explain the importance of Mission,

Q.1 What is WTO? Explain its objectives, functions and structure. [10 marks]


WTO was established on 1st January 1995. In April 1994, the Final Act was signed at a meeting in Marrakesh, Morocco. The Marrakesh Declaration of 15th April 1994 was formed to strengthen the world economy that would lead to better investment, trade, income growth and employment throughout the world. The WTO is the successor to the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GATT). India is one of the founder members of WTO. WTO represents the latest attempts to create an organisational focal point for liberal trade management and to consolidate a global organisational structure to govern world affairs. WTO has attempted to create various organisational attentions for regulation of international trade. WTO created a qualitative change in international trade. It is the only international body that deals with the rules of trades between nations.

The key objective of WTO is to promote and ensure international trade in developing countries. The other major functions include:
· Helping trade flows by encouraging nations to adopt discriminatory trade policies.

Sunday 22 April 2012

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MS - 1
 
ASSIGNMENT
Course Code              :           MS - 1
Course Title               :           Management Functions and Behavior
Assignment Code      :           MS-1/TMA/SEM - I /2012
Coverage                    :           All Blocks
Note: Answer all the questions and submit this assignment on or before April 30, 2012, to the coordinator of your study center.

1.                  What are the essential components of an effective MIS and why? Describe the MIS of an organization, known to you or you are familiar with, giving detailed description and critically evaluate its effectiveness. Briefly describe the organization, you are referring to.

2.                  State and explain the importance of Mission, Vision, Objectives, and Strategy in the functioning of an organization. Find out these statements of a few organizations and explain their significance. How do they help you understand about these organizations? Describe with brief details of the organization you are referring to.

Q.1 What is globalization? What are its benefits? How does globalization help in international business? Give some instances


Globalisation
Globalisation is a process where businesses are dealt in markets around the world, apart from the local and national markets. According to business terminologies, globalisation is defined as ‘the worldwide trend of businesses expanding beyond their domestic boundaries’. It is advantageous for the economy of countries because it promotes prosperity in the countries that embrace globalisation. In this section, we will understand globalisation, its benefits and challenges.
Most of us assume that international and global business are the same and that any company that deals with another country for its business is an international or global company. In fact, there is a considerable difference between the two terms.
International companies – Companies that deal with foreign companies for their business are considered as international companies. They can be exporters or importers who may not have any investments in any other country, apart from their home country.
Global companies – Companies, which invest in other countries for business and also operate from other countries, are considered as global companies. They have multiple manufacturing plants across the globe, catering to multiple markets.
The transformation of a company from domestic to international is by entering just one market or a few selected foreign markets as an exporter or importer. Competing on a truly global scale comes later, after the company has established operations in several countries across continents and is racing against rivals for global market leadership. Thus, there is a meaningful distinction between a company that operates in few selected foreign countries and a company that operates and markets its products across several countries and continents with manufacturing capabilities in several of these countries.
Companies can also be differentiated by the kind of competitive strategy they adopt while dealing internationally. Multinational strategy and global competitive strategy are the two types of competitive strategy.

Saturday 21 April 2012

Q.1 Explain with respect to policies – steps in framing business policy and stages of policy cycle. Will these help in decision making? (10 marks)


Steps Involved in Framing Business Policies
Policy formulation is the process of designing the policy. The major function of designing the policy relies upon the managers. Policy framing is one of the phases of strategic planning in the organisation. It is based on the underlying objectives of the organisation. Framing and monitoring the policy is one of the critical tasks in the organisation.
The process of framing policies consists of the following steps:
 Definition of purpose – The first step towards framing policies includes the process of identifying the objectives and the philosophy of the organisation. The purpose is to select the guidelines for measuring the performance based on the organisation’s strengths and weaknesses, its available resources and the personnel. The basic concept of the business activities is defined in this phase.
Example – The perception of the garment company is to develop the finest cloth at less cost. Adding to such a conceptual view, the company must define the purpose in terms of guidelines needed for measuring the performance and obtaining the desired targets.
 Preparation of strategic intelligence – This step involves analysing the internal environment of the organisation. The strategic intelligence is the process of detailed description of what the company is and assessing its sphere of operations. The prediction of the future happenings including the opportunities and risks must be known because it lays heavy impact on the company’s position in the market.
 Policy alternatives – Alternating policies must be identified and analysed once the objectives of the organisation are defined. The managers recognise the problems faced by the organisation and discover the alternative policies. This step is the central phase of framing a policy. A list of policy alternatives is generated by considering the probabilities of the problems faced by the organisation.
Example – Inventory systems in Das n Das Company
The Das n Das Company invested on control systems to avoid taking decisions on the routine matter regarding the orders, timings of production, etc. In such a situation, many factors are considered by the top level management to increase the production rate and the size of orders. Hence meetings are held to discuss the implementation of the policy that suits the best.

Friday 20 April 2012

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MS - 1
 
ASSIGNMENT
Course Code              :           MS - 1
Course Title               :           Management Functions and Behavior
Assignment Code      :           MS-1/TMA/SEM - I /2012
Coverage                    :           All Blocks
Note: Answer all the questions and submit this assignment on or before April 30, 2012, to the coordinator of your study center.

1.                  What are the essential components of an effective MIS and why? Describe the MIS of an organization, known to you or you are familiar with, giving detailed description and critically evaluate its effectiveness. Briefly describe the organization, you are referring to.

2.                  State and explain the importance of Mission, Vision, Objectives, and Strategy in the functioning of an organization. Find out these statements of a few organizations and explain their significance. How do they help you understand about these organizations? Describe with brief details of the organization you are referring to.

1. Write a note on evolution of Quality.


Evolution of Quality
Before the concepts and ideas of TQM were formalized, much work had taken place over the centuries to reach this stage. This section charts the evolution, from inspection through to the present day concepts of total quality.
2.2.1 Quality in early days
During the early days of manufacturing, an operative’s work was inspected and a decision made whether to accept or reject it. As businesses became larger, so too did this role and full time inspection jobs were created.
Accompanying the creation of inspection functions, other problems arose:
· More technical problems occurred, requiring specialized skills, often not possessed by production workers
· The inspectors lacked training
· Inspectors were ordered to accept defective goods, to increase output
· Skilled workers were promoted into other roles, leaving less skilled workers to perform the operational jobs, such as manufacturing
These changes led to the birth of the separate inspection department with a “chief inspector”, reporting to either the person in charge of manufacturing or the works manager. With the creation of this new department, there came new services and issues, e.g., standards, training, recording of data and the accuracy of measuring equipment. It became clear that the responsibilities of the “chief inspector” were more than just product acceptance, and a need to address defect prevention emerged.
Hence the quality control department evolved, in charge of which was a “quality control manager”, with responsibility for the inspection services and quality control engineering.

Q.1 What similarities and differences do you find in BCG business portfolio matrix, Ansoff growth matrix and GE growth pyramid. (10 marks)


Strategic Advantage Profile (SAP) shows the strength and weakness of an organisation. Preparation of SAP is very similar to ETOP analysis. The five functional areas in most organisations are production or operation, finance or accounting, marketing or distribution, human resource and corporate planning,

Thursday 19 April 2012

1) “Freedom to contract is a myth or an illusion”. Discuss


The freedom of the parties is limited by two factors. There are certain laws for the protection of the employees, and an employer cannot, therefore, induce his employees to enter into any contract favourable to the employer.
 What is a standard form contract?
A standard form contract is a document which is generally printed, containing terms and conditions, with certain blanks to be filled in. It is prepared by the business people. The customer has only to sign it. Therefore, from his standpoint, the freedom to contract is restricted. Many of the contracts now being entered into by consumers are not the result of individual negotiations; rather they are one-sided contracts.
The law of contract in India is contained in the Indian Contract Act, 1872. This Act is based mainly on English common law, which is to a large extent made up of judicial precedents. (there being a separate contract act in England). It extends to the whole of India except the state of Jammu and Kashmir and came into force on the first day of September 1872 (Sec.1 Indian Contract Act, 1872). The act is not exhaustive.

Wednesday 18 April 2012

1. “All agreements are not contracts, but all contracts are agreements”. Comment.


A contract is an agreement, enforceable by law, made between at least two parties by which rights are acquired by one and obligations are created on the part of another. If the party, which had agreed to do something, fails to do that, then the other party has a remedy.
Example: D Airlines sells a ticket on 1 January to X for the journey from Mumbai to Bangalore on 10 January. The Airlines is under an obligation to take X from Mumbai to Bangalore on 10 January. In case the Airlines fails to fulfil its promise, X has a remedy against it.
Thus, X has a right against the Airlines to be taken from Mumbai to Bangalore on 10 January. A corresponding duty is imposed on the Airlines. As there is a breach of promise by the promisor (the Airlines), the other party to the contract (i.e., X) has a legal remedy.
Agreement
Sec.2(e) defines an agreement as “every promise and every set of promises forming consideration for each other”. In this context, the word ‘promise’ is defined by Sec.2(b). In a contract there are at least two parties. One of them makes a proposal (or an offer) to the other, to do something, with a view to obtaining the assent of that other to such act. When the person to whom the proposal is made signifies his assent thereto, the proposal is said to be accepted. A proposal, when accepted becomes a promise (Sec.2(b)).
Enforceability by law: The agreement must be such which is enforceable by law so as to become a contract. Thus, there are certain agreements which do not become contracts as this element of enforceability by law is absent.
Sec.10 provides that all agreements are contracts, if they are made by free consent of parties, competent to contract, for a lawful consideration, and with a lawful object, and are not expressly declared by law to be void. To constitute a contract, there must be an agreement between two or more than two parties. No one can enter into a contract with himself. An agreement is composed of two elements – offer or proposal by one party and acceptance thereof by the other party.
Effect of absence of one or more essential elements of a valid contract: If one or more essentials of a valid contract are missing, then the contract may be either voidable, void, illegal or unenforceable.
Classification of contracts
Contracts may be classified as follows:
Classification of contracts according to formation: A contract may be (a) Made in writing (b) By words spoken and (c) Inferred from the conduct of the parties or the circumstances of the case.

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ASSIGNMENTS
M.Com General– Semester-II
Subject Name: Quantitative Techniques
Subject code: MCC 201
Spring Drive 2012
4 credits (60 marks)
(BKID: B1471)
Set 1
Answer the following questions. Each question carries 10 marks.
1. Explain the role of quantitative techniques in decision-making.
2. Show by suitable diagrams the absolute and the relative changes in the student population of the colleges A and B in the different faculties from 2005 to 2010.

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ASSIGNMENTS
M.Com General– 1st Semester
Subject Name: Advanced Financial Accounting
Subject code: MCC 101
Spring Drive 2012
4 credits (60 marks)
(BKID: B1467)
Set 1
Answer the following questions. Each question carries 10 marks.
1. What are accounting standards? State their objectives.
2. What does the draft of a proposed standard constitute?
3. State the factors that affect goodwill.
4. The capital structure of Hertz Ltd is as follows:

14%Preference shares of Rs.10 each 20,00,000
Equity shares of Rs.10 each 32,00,000
Reserves and surplus 16,00,000
10%Debentures 24,00,000
11%Loans from banks/financial institutions 28,00,000 1,20,00,000
The average annual profit before payment of tax and interest is Rs.24, 00,000.The income tax rate is assumed to be @40 per cent. Compute the value shares of the company, if the applicable price earning ratio is 9.
5. What do you understand by inter-company holdings?
6. The following is the Balance sheet of A Limited:



Liabilities
Rs.
Assets
Rs.
Share capital(Rs.10
Shares)
10,000
Fixed Assets
8,000
General reserve
5,000
Current Assets
12,000
Sundry creditors
5,000
20,000
20,000

The business is taken over by B Ltd.for a sum of Rs.30,000 to be satisfied by issue of shares of Rs.10 each.The current assets of A Ltd. include goods of the value of Rs.5,000 which were purchased by it from B Limited on which B Ltd. charged a profit of 25% on cost.The current assets of A Ltd.also include a debt of Rs.2000 due by B Ltd. to A Ltd.for goods purchased and which have now been completely sold by that company.
Prepare realization account and the shareholders account in the books of A Ltd.and pass
the necessary journal entries for acquisition of business in the books of B Ltd.


ASSIGNMENTS
M.Com General– 1st Semester
Subject Name: Advanced Financial Accounting
Subject code: MCC 101
Spring Drive 2012
4 credits (60 marks)
(BKID: B1467)
Set 2
Answer the following questions. Each question carries 10 marks.
1. The following is the Balance Sheet of Downhill Ltd.as at 31st March,2005:

Liabilities
Rs.
Assets
Rs.
20,000 Equity shares of Rs.100 each
20,00,000
Goodwill
25,000
12% Debentures
5,00,000
Land and buildings
1,50,000
Outstanding debentures interest
1,20,000
Plant and machinery
3,00,000
Creditors
3,00,000
Furniture
80,000
Stock
2,70,000
Debtors
60,000
Cash at bank
35,000
Preliminary expenses
20,000
Profit and loss A/c
19,80,000



29,20,000
29,20,000

The following scheme of reconstruction is executed:
i. Equity shares are reduced by Rs.95 per share.They are,then, consolidated into 10,000 equity shares of Rs.10 each.
ii. Debentureholders agree to forego outstanding debenture interest.As a compensation 12% Debentures are converted into 14% Debentures,the amount remaining Rs.5,00,000.
iii. Creditors are given the option to either accept 50% of their claim in cash in full settlement or to convert their claim into equity shares of Rs.10 each. Creditors for Rs.2,00,000 opt for shares in satisfaction of their claims.
iv. To make payment to creditors opting for cash payment ant to augment working capital, the company issues 50,000 equity shares of Rs.10 each at par, the entire amount being payable along with applications. The issue was fully subscribed.
v. Land and Buildings are revalued at Rs.2, 00,000 whereas Plant &Machinery is to be written down to Rs.2, 10,000.A provision amounting to Rs.5000 is to be made for doubtful debts.

Pass journal entries and draft the company’s balance sheet immediately after the reconstruction.
2. Differentiate between the two types of amalgamation.
3. What are the steps required for drafting a reconstruction scheme?
4. Discuss preferential creditors ‘payments.
5. Discuss the valuation of investments.
6. LT Ltd.went into liquidation with the following liabilities.

Secured creditors -Rs.40, 000(securities realized Rs.50, 000)
Preferential creditors -1,200
Unsecured creditors -61,000
Liquidation expenses -500
The liquidator is entitled to a remuneration of 3% on the amount realized (including securities in the hands of secured creditors) and 1-1/2% on the amount distributed to


unsecured creditors.The various assets (excluding the securities in the hands of the secured creditors) realized are Rs.52, 000.
Prepare the liquidator’s statement of account showing the payment made to the unsecured creditors.


ASSIGNMENTS
M.Com General– 1st Semester
Subject Name: Management Concepts and Organizational Behaviour
Subject code: MCC 102
Spring Drive 2012
4 credits (60 marks)
(BKID: B1468)
Set 1
Answer the following questions. Each question carries 10 marks.
1. Explain the nature of management.
2. Explain the different types of managerial roles.
3. What is meant by MBO? Who proposed this concept? Discuss the various features of MBO.
4. Imagine yourself as a manager of a unit that manufactures bags. You have just received an order for a particular design of leather bag in a specific colour.List the activities that are involved in accomplishing the project. How will you coordinate all the employees involved? Write in detail.
5. Try to identify and discuss the factors to be considered for forecasting demand and supply.
6. Explain the determinants of corporate planning.


ASSIGNMENTS
M.Com General– 1st Semester
Subject Name: Management Concepts and Organizational Behaviour
Subject code: MCC 102
Spring Drive 2012
4 credits (60 marks)
(BKID: B1468)
Set 2
Answer the following questions. Each question carries 10 marks.
1. Explain the Graicunas theory.
2. Why do you think is delegation of authority significant in modern organisations?
3. Write a short note on each of the following:
i. Job Design
ii. Job empowerment
4. Try to identify the various barriers that hinder effective communication.
5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of traditional control techniques?
6. Explain the factors that contribute to group cohesiveness. What are the positive outcomes of group cohesiveness?


ASSIGNMENTS
M.Com General – 1st Semester
Subject Name: Corporate Financial Management
Subject code: MCC 103
Spring Drive 2012
4 credits (60 marks)
(BKID: B1469)
Set 1
Answer the following questions. Each question carries 10 marks.
1. Why are finance functions always placed in the hands of top management?
2. Why is the NPV method important?
3. What are the two types of capital rationing?
4. What are the factors that affect long-term funds?
5. The following are the costs and values for the firms A and B according to the traditional

approach:
____________________________________________________________________
A (Rs) B (Rs)
____________________________________________________________________
Total value of firm, V 50,000 60,000
Market value of debt, D 0 30,000
Market value of equity, E 50,000 30,000
Expected net operating income 5,000 5,000
Cost of debt, INT = kd D 0 1,800
Net income, NOI – kd D 5,000 3,200
Cost of equity, ke = ( – kd D)/E 10.00% 10.70%
Debt-equity ratio, D/E 0 0.5


Average cost of capital, ko 10.00% 8.33%
____________________________________________________________________
Compute the equilibrium value for Firms A and B in accordance with the MM thesis. Assume that (i) taxes do not exist and (ii) the equilibrium value of ko is 9.09 per cent.
6. A firm finances all its investments by 40 per cent debt and 60 per cent equity. The

estimated required rate of return on equity is 20 per cent after-taxes and that of the debt is 8 per cent after taxes. The firm is considering an investment proposal costing
Rs.40,000 with an expected return that will last forever. What amount (in rupees) must the proposal yield per year so that the market price of the share does not change? Show calculations to prove your point.


ASSIGNMENTS
M.Com General – 1st Semester
Subject Name: Corporate Financial Management
Subject code: MCC 103
Spring Drive 2012
4 credits (60 marks)
(BKID: B1469)
Set 2
Answer the following questions. Each question carries 10 marks.
1. AB Ltd needs Rs.10 lakh (one million) for expansion. The expansion is expected to yield an annual EBIT of Rs.160,000. In choosing a financial plan, AB Ltd has an objective of maximizing earnings per share. It is considering the possibility of issuing equity shares and raising debt of Rs.100,000, or Rs. 400,000 or Rs. 600,000. The current market price per share is Rs.25 and is expected to drop to Rs. 20 if the funds are borrowed in excess of Rs.500,000. Funds can be borrowed at the rates indicated below: (a) up to Rs.100,000 at 8%; (b) over Rs 100,000 up to Rs 500,000 at 12%; (c) over Rs 500,000 at 18%.Assume a tax rate of 50 per cent. Determine the EPS for the three financing alternatives.
2. How would you calculate the degree of financial leverage?
3. A pro forma cost sheet of a company provides the following data:

_______________________________________________________________
Rs.
_______________________________________________________________
Costs (per unit):
Raw materials 52.0
Direct labour 19.5
Overheads 39.0


Total cost (per unit) 110.5
Profit 19.5
Selling price 130.0
_______________________________________________________________
The following is the additional information available:
Average raw material in stock: one month; average materials in process: half a month. Credit allowed by suppliers: one month; credit allowed to debtors: two months. Time lag in payment of wages: one and a half weeks. Overheads: one month. One-fourth of sales are on cash basis. Cash balance is expected to be Rs1,20,000.
You are required to prepare a statement showing the working capital needed to finance a level of activity of 70,000 units of output. You may assume that production is carried on evenly, throughout the year and wages and overheads accrue similarly.
4. Explain the merits and dangers of stability of dividends.
5. Discuss the causes of enhanced profitability.
6. Compare the pooling of interests method with the purchase method.


ASSIGNMENTS
M.Com General– 1st Semester
Subject Name: Economics for Managers
Subject code: MCC 104
Spring Drive 2012
4 credits (60 marks)
(BKID: B1470)
Set 1
Answer the following questions. Each question carries 10 marks.
1. Find out the equilibrium quantity from demand function Qd =25-10P and supply function Qs =25P.
2. Write a short note on each of the following:

i.Promotional elasticity
ii.Income elasticity of demand
3. Explain the derivation of demand curve.
4. Prices of cars remain ever fluctuating in the Indian car market. However, as Tata motor launched the Nano, some changes occurred due to the price effect. Make a list of these changes and comment on them.
5. What is a budget line?
6. Explain long-run cost-output relations.


ASSIGNMENTS
M.Com General– 1st Semester
Subject Name: Economics for Managers
Subject code: MCC 104
Spring Drive 2012
4 credits (60 marks)
(BKID: B1470)
Set 2
Answer the following questions. Each question carries 10 marks.
1. Critically analyze Chamberlin’s theory of monopolistic competition giving suitable examples.
2. Discuss the factors that determine the success of penetration price policy.
3. How is national income measured in an ‘open’ economy?
4. What are the assumptions made by the two-sector model?
5. Identify the causes of corruption in India in today’s scenario. How can the country overcome this problem?
6. Do you agree with the traditional theory that assumes profit maximization as the sole

objective of a business firm? List your arguments in favour of or against this theory.